Anxiety Treatment
What is Anxiety?
Signs and Symptoms of Anxiety
- Overthinking or excessive worry that feels difficult to control
- Feeling restless, tense, or constantly "on edge"
- Difficulty concentrating
- Irritability or heightened sensitivity
- Muscle tension and headaches
- Sleep difficulties
- A surge of racing thoughts or dread immediately upon waking
- Increased heart rate or palpitations
- Shortness of breath
- Digestive discomfort such as nausea or stomach aches
- Avoiding situations that trigger anxiety
- Panic attacks or sudden episodes of intense fear
Types of Anxiety Disorders
Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Generalised Anxiety Disorder involves persistent and excessive worry about multiple areas of life, such as work, health, finances, relationships, or family. The worry often feels difficult to switch off and may be accompanied by physical symptoms such as fatigue, tension, and sleep difficulties.
Social Anxiety Disorder
Social anxiety involves intense fear of being judged, embarrassed, or negatively evaluated by others. Individuals may avoid social situations, public speaking, meetings, or interactions that place them in the spotlight.
Panic Disorder
Panic disorder is characterised by recurring panic attacks, sudden episodes of overwhelming fear accompanied by physical symptoms such as chest tightness, dizziness, rapid heartbeat, sweating, or breathlessness.
Health Anxiety
Health anxiety involves excessive concern about physical symptoms or serious illness, often leading to frequent reassurance-seeking, checking behaviours, or heightened sensitivity to bodily sensations.
Specific Phobias
Phobias involve intense fear of a particular object, activity, or situation, such as flying, heights, needles, enclosed spaces, or animals. The fear is often disproportionate to the actual level of danger but can significantly impact daily functioning.
Selective Mutism
Selective mutism is where an individual is consistently unable to speak in certain social situations despite being able to communicate comfortably in others. It is not due to a lack of language ability but is often driven by intense anxiety, fear, or discomfort in specific environments.
Separation Anxiety
Separation anxiety involves excessive fear or distress about being apart from a loved one, caregiver, or attachment figure. While commonly associated with children, it can also affect adults and may lead to persistent worry, difficulty being alone, or avoidance of situations that involve separation.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
PTSD can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. Individuals may experience intrusive memories, flashbacks, nightmares, heightened alertness, emotional distress, or avoidance of reminders associated with the traumatic experience.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
OCD is characterised by recurring, unwanted thoughts, images, or urges (obsessions) that cause significant anxiety, along with repetitive behaviours or mental rituals (compulsions) performed to reduce distress or prevent feared outcomes. These patterns can become time-consuming and interfere with daily life, relationships, and overall wellbeing.
Types of Anxiety Treatment
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
CBT helps identify and challenge unhelpful thought patterns while developing healthier coping strategies and behaviours.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)
ACT focuses on building psychological flexibility, helping individuals move towards meaningful actions even in the presence of uncomfortable thoughts and feelings.
Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR)
For anxiety linked to distressing experiences or unresolved trauma, EMDR can help reduce the emotional intensity of triggers and promote healthier processing of past events.
Mindfulness-Based Approaches
Mindfulness techniques help individuals develop greater awareness of thoughts, emotions, and bodily sensations while reducing reactivity and stress.
- Reducing excessive worry
- Managing panic symptoms
- Improving emotional regulation
- Building confidence in social situations
- Increasing tolerance for uncertainty
- Developing healthier coping mechanisms
- Improving sleep and overall wellbeing
- Improving self-esteem and self-confidence
- Reducing avoidance behaviours